چکیده:
Performing the request speech act which has a significant position in daily conversations and interactions, needs sufficient knowledge of the request strategies. In order to have a meaningful and purposeful communication, the speaker should know about some factors, such as social power, social distance, and imposition. This study aimed at examining Iranian couples’ use of request strategies in their interactions in private mode and public mode. To achieve this goal, 30 couples were selected and their conversations with each other in the two settings were recorded. Then, to complement the gathered data, a discourse completion test (DCT) was distributed among the couples in order to elicit their answers regarding which request strategies they usually use in any situation. The data were then coded based on the Cross-Cultural Speech Act Realization Patterns (CCSARP) model and frequencies and percentages of the strategies used by the couples in the two settings were calculated. The results of the study revealed that Persian couples perform direct request strategies more than other types of request strategies in their loneliness. Moreover, it was indicated that Persian couples use conventional indirect requests in the presence of others. The results of the current study suggest that presence of others can influence couples’ choice of request strategies in their conversation with their spouses. The implications of this study may be useful for language teachers, syllabus designers, and curriculum developers.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In Iran, Jalilifar, Hashemian, and Tabatabaee (2011) through a cross-sectional study investigated the use of request strategies by Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners and foreign native speakers of English.
The results of the study showed that Persian and English speakers use a variety of request strategies such as direct and indirect types of requests which show the politeness and formality (or in some cases informality) in the communication.
The first finding of the study showed the preference of direct over indirect request strategies by Iranian couples in the private mode.
Moreover, the results are consistent with the studies by Barron (2016) and Hesam and Bemani (2017), as they have shown that people use direct strategies in more informal contexts based on their relationships.
Therefore, the results of the study revealed that Persian couples use off records and non-conventional indirectness to talk about their wants and make requests in private conversations.
As a result of using more direct strategies in the private mode, Persian Speakers of English were considered less polite in the realization of the speech act of requests.
The findings of this study might also provide assistance to learners in the performance of the request speech act by emphasizing the role of context in language use and identifying the strategy types mostly used in each setting.
A contrastive pragmatics study on the use of request strategies by Iranian EFL learners: A case of Persian L1-English L2.