چکیده:
The external shell and the physical characteristics of the building have always played an essential role in Iranian architecture and its function has been various in different periods and has always been influenced by cultural and social conditions throughout history. The diversity of this layer of architecture in the first Pahlavi period is more visible than other periods. Because by employing foreign architects, especially German, the Iranian government provided the basis for the emergence of different architectural styles with different physical characteristics. The main question of the research is that what are the components and features of the physical structure and the external layer of architecture in this period which is influenced by the presence of the Germans in Iran? The present research is of qualitative type and based on historical documents and field perceptions, based on descriptive-analytical method, will deal with the role of German architects in the emergence and appearance of physical features in the architecture of Pahlavi the first period. The results show that German architects have influenced the physical aspects and the external shell of architecture in the aforementioned period in two ways; First, the use of German architectural capabilities through lived experience and its transfer to Iran, and second, the use of pre-Islamic and post-Islamic architectural features.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Explaining Facade Patterns in Buildings Constructed by German Architects in Iran (First Pahlavi Era) * Hossein Soltanzadeh, 1 Morteza Mirzahosseini, 2 Abstract The exterior skin and physical characteristics of a building have always played an essential role in Iranian architecture, and its function has been diverse in different periods and has always been influenced by socio-cultural conditions throughout history.
The variety and diversity of this architectural layer are more prominent in the First Pahlavi era than in other periods; because during this era, the Iranian government, by employing foreign architects, especially Germans, provided the ground for the emergence and appearance of various architectural styles with diverse physical characteristics.
The present research is qualitative and, by relying on historical documents and field observations, based on a descriptive-analytical method, will address the role of German architects in the emergence and manifestation of physical characteristics in the architecture of the First Pahlavi era.
As a result, many of the physical elements in the buildings constructed by German architects during the first Pahlavi era are influenced by Iranian architecture, and most of them pertain to ancient decorations drawn from the pre-Islamic era (Table No. 5).
According to Table No. 11, some of the important achievements of German architects in the physical and decorative fields will be referred to respectively: will be: Art Deco tendency resulting from the modern movement, with a popularity that in Germany in the construction of buildings with new functions such as industrial centers found popularity; in Iran, it was also utilized by German specialists in the design and construction of industrial centers.
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