چکیده:
The present study aims at discussing whether metaphors in the Qur’an, revealed more than 1400 years ago, are dead, moribund or live and how these three types of metaphors have been translated in three English and three Persian translations of the Qur’an. The results reveal that among 70 metaphors examined, while only about 32.85% are live metaphors, about 67.14% are moribund, but none of the cases are completely dead. Furthermore, based on Newmark’s (1988a) classification of procedures for translation of metaphors, there is no image in 15.21% of the procedures used in the English and Persian translations of live metaphors while there are images in 84.78% of them. On the other hand, 43.26% of the procedures used in translations of moribund metaphors transfer the images whereas 56.73% of them omit the images, although these metaphors are not dead. Yet the point is that when the majority of Qur’anic metaphors, that are moribund, had been considered by translators as dead metaphors and their images had been omitted, the translations fail to represent one of the important aspects of the original text’s literary style that is its metaphorical and literary language.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"ir Abstract The present study aims at discussing whether metaphors in the Qur’an, revealed more than 1400 years ago, are dead, moribund or live and how these three types of metaphors have been translated in three English and three Persian translations of the Qur ’ an.
In analyzing the seventy metaphoric items if no second meaning is listed in the dictionary and the reader needs to interpret it via the vehicle concept, the metaphor is considered as live; if the word is perceived as a polysemouse one and its metaphoric meaning has found its way into dictionaries as a second sense it is regarded as inactive or moribund metaphor; but when the metaphoric item is perceived as homonym and its metaphoric origin is only revealed if one looks at its history or etymology, it is classified as dead.
After determining the percentage of live, moribund and dead metaphors, three English and three Persian translations of them were studied to see how the translators in these two languages have handled their rendering based on Newmark’s (1988a) proposed procedures for translation of metaphors.
The Cases of Live, Moribund, and Dead Metaphors and Their Numbers and Percentages (به تصویر این صفحه مراجعه فرمایید) After analyzing all the translations the researchers found out that only 15.
In Persian translations, Saffarzadeh (2001) and Ansariyan (2007) reproduce the original image while Aminiyan (2006) replaces the original metaphor with a new one, that is, the verb gostardan which denotes "to spread"."