Abstract:
Part I of this series offered a biography of Imam
Sajjad (a), a brief history of the events after ‘Ashura, and his
endeavours in reviving the Muslim community through teaching
Islamic principles, emphasizing on the concept of Imamate,
resisting moral corruption, and caring for the needy. In this part,
Imam Sajjad’s devotional and political activities are examined in
terms of his efforts to enjoin good and forbid evil, divulge the
Umayyad’s crimes, and resist against oppressive rulers to bring
about social and cultural changes. His interactions with rulers
such as Yazid, Mu’awiyah II, and Marwan ibn Hakam as well as
the notable uprisings that occurred during that period have been
studied. The social disorder and intense fear instilled in the
people by the Umayyads prevented the Imam from revolting. His
accomplishments of political change were instead achieved
through social change.
Machine summary:
"Ibn Zubayr benefitted from the event of KarbalE, which included the martyrdom of Imam ‡usayn and captivity of Ahlul Bayt to direct attention of people and provoke their feelings to achieve his goals.
Imam Sajjad (a) and ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Marw n ‘Abd al-Malik ruled from 65 to 86 AH During his caliphate, he faced enormous problems including the sedition of Ibn Zubayr, the uprising of The Repentant (Taww bin), and the revolution of MukhtEr. However, he was able to stop several riots with the assistance of his loyal commander, ‡ajjEj ThaqafT.
3 The most significant factors in the uprising of Medina's people against the Umayyads in 63 AH included a) the martyrdom of Imam ‡usayn, b) the murder of the Ahlul Bayt, c) the report of delegation of Medina from the court and government of Yazid, d) the people’s awareness of the corruption of the ruling government, and e) announcing Yazid’s incapability of leadership.
In this event, Imam Sajjad (a) seemingly did not play any role in the struggle of the people of Medina because the main reason for uprising was to support the rule of abdullah ibn Zubayr in Mecca and to pay allegiance to him.
In 61 AH, Ibn Zubayr opposed Yazid through referring to the martyrdom of Imam ‡usayn, Umayyads' crimes, Yazid’s corruption, and by declaring his political incompetence."