چکیده:
Based on the monotheistic view of Islam, a specific theory has been drawn regarding the sovereignty and guardianship of the Islamic society, which possesses foundations for the legitimacy of the political system that are distinct from the foundations of legitimacy in non-religious thoughts, and its structure is free from the ambiguities and criticisms leveled against theories presented in Western political thought. In this writing, while conducting a comparative study, competing theories have been considered, criticized, and evaluated. Furthermore, criticisms or ambiguities raised against the Islamic perspective, such as 'the issue of rights and the role of individuals in this theory', 'the issue of the contradiction between public supervision and the righteousness of the supreme authority', and 'the doubt regarding the impossibility of the participation of all individuals in the managerial and specialized pillars of society in a government where the permission to rule is from God—due to the priority and rank precedence of commitment to religious standards and commands in managers and officials over their efficiency and competence'—have been examined so that logical and rational answers can be received and the excellence of Islam's perspective can be made clear.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Furthermore, criticisms or ambiguities raised against the Islamic perspective, such as "the issue of rights and the role of individuals in this theory," "the issue of the contradiction between public supervision and the legitimacy of the high-ranking authority," and "the doubt regarding the impossibility of all individuals participating in the managerial and specialized pillars of society in a government where the permission of disposal for the ruler is from God; due to the priority and ordinal precedence of commitment to religious standards and commands in managers and officials over their efficiency and capability," have been investigated so that logical and rational answers can be obtained and the excellence of the Islamic perspective can be revealed.
In response to this question and in fact to explain the term legitimacy with various expressions suitable for specific approaches to this category, there are at least six theories, each attempting to define and express the meaning of legitimacy in its own way: 1-Social Contract Theory2 According to this theory, based on a social contract, the commands of the government must be obeyed and the ruler has the right to sovereignty; meaning they possess legitimacy and rightfulness; because all humans are obligated to fulfill their promises and observe their covenants, and the social contract is one of its important examples.
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