چکیده:
The 'binding nature' of the will of the ruling power must possess legitimacy, which forms the basis and essence of the ruling power. This differs from the legitimacy of voluntary behavior or the legitimacy of the will (which result from human behavior); because the legitimacy of human behavior depends on the legitimacy of the human will and the extent to which the will conforms to the criteria of 'right' and 'justice.' However, in the issue of the binding nature of the will of the ruling power, for legitimacy, it is not enough that only the will from which the power arises is legitimate. In this regard, various schools of political philosophy have each provided a basis for this matter, and Islam also has a basis in this regard that must be subjected to philosophical and rational analysis. To achieve this, the ruling power must have legitimacy in two respects: being a will and binding others; however, human reason cannot serve as the origin of the legitimacy of the will, because reason itself needs another criterion and reference to distinguish correctness from incorrectness, justice from tyranny, and good from evil in human voluntary behavior. In divine thought, divine intellect and reason, due to their complete encompassment of all matters and their inherent infallibility, can serve as a complete and real fundamental criterion for scientific propositions. The divine will also arises from this same divine intellect. Therefore, this will, due to its conformity with the fundamental criteria of goodness and justice—which is the divine intellect—will always be in accordance with justice, goodness, and correctness. On this basis, divine revelation becomes the sole origin of the legitimacy of human will and human decision.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Relationship of the Ruling Will with the Source of Legitimacy As has been stated, there is a possibility that the will of the majority, despite emerging from the popular will, may be an illegitimate will; because the method of gathering individual wills around one another and realizing the dominant will may have occurred based on deception, intimidation, or other illegitimate methods; since a majority will that emerges from the popular will does not necessarily mean it is legitimate; rather, the will of the majority - because it arises from individual wills placed alongside one another - can be a will that does not conform to the criteria of truth and justice and consequently, be an "illegitimate" will (even if illegitimate methods were not used in its formation); because individual wills also make mistakes and do not always follow the right path.
Among the clearest reasons for the non-immunity of social wills and their susceptibility to error and frequent deviations from justice and truth are the realities of human societies, many of which have been and are witnesses to the long-term rule of elements of evil and corruption in the past and present.
Second: The origin of the legitimacy of power from the dimension of the element of bindingness As an individual, a human being has control and sovereignty over their own volitional behavior and conduct.
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