Abstract:
Dialogue is one of the most fundamental elements in shaping stories, plays, poems, and tales, through which the main and real personality of the heroes can be understood. Dialogue is a passage from the stages of egocentrism, unilateralism, and dogmatism, representing the perception of the presence of the other, tolerance, forbearance, leniency, and ultimately, the attainment of freedom and democracy within the text. The basis of dialogue is participation, linguistic commonality, and understanding each other's language. The Hejbar Sultan poem tells the life story of Asadullah Khan Bavand, known as Hejbar Sultan, the youngest son of Ismail Khan Bavand of Savadkuh, known as Amir Moayad. This work is an epic-narrative poem that leads to tragedy. This Mazandarani poem has a refrain-like structure. Based on the prosodic rules of folk literature (stress, saturation, musical instrument, and folk singer), it is composed in the Hazaj Musaddas Mahzuf or Maqsur meter. This research attempts to analyze the methods of dialogue in the Hejbar Sultan poem and other common poems in Savadkuh using a descriptive-analytical method. Accordingly, it can be said that dialogues accompanied by boasting (rajaz-khani), punishment and reprimand, pride and showing off to others, humiliation, imperative commands, etc., are incorporated into this poem. In terms of dialogue methods, this poem is unique among the common poems in Savadkuh and Mazandaran.
Machine summary:
Modes and functions of dialogue in local poems prevalent in Savadkuh, with an emphasis on the poem Hajbar Sultan * 11 Aref Kamarposhti Abstract Dialogue is one of the most fundamental elements in shaping stories, plays, poetry, and tales, through which one can discover the true and real personality of the protagonists.
Ahmad Bavand Savadkuhi, in the book "Savadkuh, Heir to an Ancient Lineage" (Resaneh, 1394), has provided the text of the poem along with images of Hajbar Sultan, his father, and his brothers.
(Refrain verse) In another part of this poem, where Hajbar commands Esfandiyar—one of the army's servants—to prepare dinner, no voice is heard from Esfandiyar as the second speaker in the dialogue; because he is compelled to obey, and Hajbar Sultan intends to launch a night raid on the enemy army: هوجبر سلطان بته اسفنديار نوم hujaber SOtan bate eSfendiyar num١ Hajbar Sultan said: O Esfandiyar!
4-3- The dialogue of Hajbar Sultan with his father, filled with pride and arrogance Amir Moayed Esmail Khan Bavand of Savadkuh (1311-1233 AH/SH), plays the role of commander-in-chief in this poem.
It seems the folk poet who narrates this poem does not want his epic hero to be interrogated; because by composing the following verses, which are sung from the tongue of Sahm al-Mamalek, he intends to reduce the bitterness of the irony directed at Hajbar: qOran mOhr haKǝrde amir aKremenum قرآن مهر هاکردا اميراکرم نوم Amir Akram has sworn by the Quran.
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