Abstract:
This article examines the rebellion of Sheikh Ahmad Madani and Mohammad Khan Baloch from the end of the Afghan occupation of Iran to the threshold of the change of dynasty from Safavid to Afsharid, and seeks to find answers to these two questions: First, what were the backgrounds and factors behind this rebellion and what were its objectives? Second, what was the fate of this rebellion? After the suppression of the Afghans in Iran, Sheikh Ahmad Madani, in support of the Afghans, made the southern regions of Iran the arena for his raids. Mohammad Khan Baloch was sent to the south by order of Tahmasp Qoli Khan (Nader) to suppress these raids, but due to the support of the Sunni people of the south for Khan Baloch, as well as Nader's defeat by the Ottomans which placed him in a position of weakness, Mohammad Khan saw an opportunity for rebellion and, in cooperation with Sheikh Ahmad Madani, attempted to overcome Nader and ascend the throne.
Machine summary:
Mohammad Khan Baloch was sent to the south by order of Tahmasp Qoli Khan (Nader) to suppress these raids, but due to the support of the Sunni people of the south for Khan Baloch, as well as Nader's defeat by the Ottomans which placed him in a position of weakness, Mohammad Khan saw the opportunity for rebellion and, in cooperation with Sheikh Ahmad Madani, attempted to overcome Nader and ascend the throne.
In Shiraz, Nader sent spies to Garmsirat and the vicinity of Lar to obtain information about the condition of the rebels, and since "a group in those areas who were steadfast and directly on the path of obedience and submission reported that Mohammad Khan has taken residence in the fortress of Sheikh Ahmad Madani in the vicinity of Garmsirat, intends to gather a large population and multitude, and has sent messengers to Charparan to head towards Baluchistan so that many soldiers and countless armies enter soon, to once again set out for dispute and begin evil and corruption anew" (Marvi, 347).
Tahmasp Beg Jalayer sent Ahmad Khan Marvi with 12,000 fighting men to Lar. When Nader heard that the people of Isfahan were preparing to support Mohammad Khan Baloch, he moved from Shiraz to Isfahan in Dhu al-Qi'dah 1146 AH (Astarabadi, 228).
Tahmasp Beg Jalayer, in a letter to the Dutch and English companies, stated: Send ships to Bandar Kharg, which has become a refuge for Sheikh Ahmad, Mohammad Khan Baloch, and other ruffians; patrol the sea lines and keep these lines closed (Willem Floor, 150).
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