چکیده:
Identifying the obstacles to retaining scientific elites as human capital of the country's top universities is essential for pathology and creating the necessary infrastructure for their effective retention. Considering the multifaceted and interdisciplinary nature of the subject of elite migration, this article, through the formation of a discourse space in Q-methodology, identifies its various individual and organizational dimensions at both micro and macro levels, including executive, administrative, educational, scientific, political, economic, and social subsets. By focusing on organizational retention obstacles, based on the attitudes of the studied scientific elites (migrated faculty members from 20 top Iranian universities to 100 top universities abroad), it identifies and explains different types of their mindsets regarding organizational obstacles hindering their retention. Data collection is conducted using the gathering of Q-items from 17 participants and through Q-factor analysis. Based on the findings obtained from factor extraction and rotation, this migrated human capital is clustered into 7 types of attitudes based on their perspective regarding the obstacles to their retention at their workplace universities in Iran. Finally, the coordinates of each discovered attitude cluster are explained in relation to the functional principles of retention in human resource management, as well as with the demographic characteristics of the key individuals in each cluster, and practical suggestions at the level of the studied organization are provided to achieve the retention of individuals with each of these types of attitudes.
خلاصه ماشینی:
1 -International Monetary Fund Theoretical Foundations and Research Background Given the multidimensional and interdisciplinary nature of the subject of elite migration and the existence of various economic, political, psychological, and social dimensions in the theoretical foundations of this research, this article, after reviewing the trend of different theoretical approaches to elite migration, addresses the issue of scientific elite retention in human resource management; according to the research of De Haas (2010), the transformation in attitudes toward elite migration includes four historical periods: the "optimism toward migration and development" period in the years before 1973, which introduces development as being connected to return and the transfer of capital and knowledge by migrants to their homeland as beneficial for the development of the country of origin – it does so; the "pessimism" period from 1973 to 1990, which sees migration and development as separate from each other, and the tightening of migration laws and the prevalence of the term "brain drain" are prominent characteristics of this period; the "return to previous positive views" period from 1990 to 2001, which is influenced by empirical findings (transnational turn theories 1, the NELM model 2, and the family approach to migration); and the "mostly positive view" period from 2001 onwards, which separates development from return, and an increase in research on the subject of remittances 3 is evident in this period.
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