چکیده:
رفتارهای کنشگرانه استراتژیک کارکنان در سازمان، زیربنای بهبود مستمر عملکرد شغلی فردی و سازمانی است، زیرا پویایی شتابان محیطی، نوعی از ظرفیت فزاینده فکری و عملی برای بهبود وضعیت موجود یا خلق وضعیتی جدید را طلب میکند که در رفتارهای کنش گرایانه استراتژیک کارکنان نهفته است. اگرچه پژوهشهای متعددی در مورد پیشایندها و پسایندهای رفتار کنش گرایانه مدیران و بعضاً کارکنان انجام شده است؛ ولی تاکنون به الگوی چگونگی ایجاد و بروز چنین رفتارهایی در کارکنان پرداخته نشده است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع بنیادی است و با بهرهگیری از نظریه داده بنیاد صورت گرفته است. از نظریه داده بنیاد برای نظریه پردازی در مورد پدیده های سازمانی استفاده میشود. هدف غایی این پژوهش، فهم دادهبنیاد الگوی رفتارهای کنشگرایانه استراتژیک کارکنان در سازمان مورد مطالعه بوده است. داده های پژوهش طی 18 مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته با خبرگان دانشگاهی منتخب و سازمان مورد مطالعه احصاء و سپس در فرایند کدگذاری استخراج و مقوله های هم پیوند در قالب شرایط علی، پدیده محوری، شرایط زمینه ای، شرایط مداخله گر، راهبردها و پیامدهای مدل مفهومی معین و طی مرحله کدگذاری انتخابی هر یک از عناصر الگو به منظور خلق نظریه پژوهش تشریح و به تفصیل بیان شد. نتایج این پژوهش میتواند مدیران را در شناخت خطمشیها، سیستمها و رویههایی که به ایجاد و بروز چنین رفتارهایی کمک میکنند یا مانع ظهور و بروز آنها میشوند یاری دهد.
Extended Abstract Abstract Employees 'strategic proactive behaviors in the organization underpin the continuous improvement of individual and organizational job performance, because accelerated environmental dynamics require some form of increased intellectual and practical capacity to improve existing or create new ones that are embedded in employees' strategic proactive behaviors. Although there has been a lot of research into the antecedents and consequences of proactive behavior by managers and employees, so far the model of forming such behaviors in employees has not been addressed. This research is a fundamental research, and it's kind of a grounded theory. Grounded theory is used to theorize organizational phenomena. The purpose of this study was to understand the grounded theory the model of shaping employees' strategic proactive behaviors in a selected research organization. The data were summarized in 18 semi-structured interviews with the selected experts of the university and organization under the study and then the interconnected categories in the form of Casual Conditions, Axial Conditions, Context Conditions, Intervening Conditions, Strategies and Consequences of paradigm of proactive strategic behavior of employees were identified. Research findings can help managers understand the policies, systems, and practices that help shape or prevent such behaviors. Introduction Adaptability to constantly evolving conditions requires employees who have the characteristic of Strategic Proactive Behaviors. In general, strategic Proactive behaviors refer to initiating behaviors that are predictive, change-oriented, and based on the fertility of personal initiative. Instead of waiting for an event to occur in order to react to an event, people with a strategic activism tend to actively figure out that change themselves. Accordingly, such people take creative initiatives in their careers and take predictive actions that take place in the light of foresight. Instead of changing their position, they change their position. Research Methodology The method of the present research is qualitative and to discover the concepts and relationships in the raw data and to organize them in the form of a theoretical explanatory plan, the analysis of the major part of this research is interpretive. The data theory research strategy has been used as a qualitative research approach. This approach has systematic procedures for theorizing about phenomena based on the inductive approach. The method of data collection in this study is cross-sectional and in terms of the nature of the data, it is qualitative and based on the exploratory approach. The logic of selecting the sample members was based on theoretical sampling and then snowball, in addition to specialized and organizational expertise, experience and professional interaction, knowledge and awareness based on research. The target population at this stage included 18 selected organizational managers and experts and related university experts who were collected and completed data and information through in-depth semi-structured interviews. A total of 24 interviews (selected individuals). And introduced) but during the process, the researcher was convinced that it was done and ended with 18 information saturation interviews. Finding Research data were counted during semi-structured interviews with selected academic experts and the organization under study and then extracted in the coding process and related categories in the form of causal conditions, phenomenon-oriented, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. A specific conceptual model was described and elaborated during the selective coding stage of each model element in order to create a research theory. The results of the research can help managers to identify the policies, systems and procedures that help or prevent the occurrence of such behaviors. Discussion and Results Based on the results of the present study; the dimensions of the strategic Proactive behavior pattern are: Casual conditions: -The complexity of the organization's activities -Environmental uncertainty -Changing the organizational paradigm -Dynamics of the economic system -Multiple factors influencing policy and decision sensitivity Axial Conditions: - Knowledge, skills -Maturity, intelligence - Questioning - Preventive attitude and problem solving - Active listening to identify issues Context Conditions: - Constructive interaction and support of managers - Acceptability and legitimacy. Strategic activist behavior in the organization - Clear orientation of the organization regarding strategic activism - Flexibility of organizational structure against the occurrence of strategic activist behavior - Allocation of resources and facilities - Transparency of data and information in the organization Intervening Conditions: - Environmental conditions - Sensitive institutional position of the organization - Conflicting interests of interest groups - Social credibility of strategic actors Strategies: -Futurist, observer, innovator -Critical thinking - Knowledge sharing, scientific dissemination, creating common insights - Practical commitment - Resistance management Consequences: -Mental dynamism, creativity and innovation -Individual development -Commitment and intellectual and emotional belonging -The brand attractiveness of the organization -Competitive advantage of the organization -Development and effectiveness of the organization
خلاصه ماشینی:
به اعتقاد 1-Resiliency 2-Proactive Strategic Behavior) PSB) محققان ضمن اين که رفتارهاي کنش گرا دروني بوده و تحت کنترل افراد ميباشند، برگرفته از ويژگيهاي شخصيتي فرد و يا پيامدي از رفتار و حالت رواني است که در اثر تغيير شرايط متفاوت ، شکل خواهند گرفت (٤٦٢-٤٣٥ :٢٠٠٠ ,Crant ).
مثل قبول مسئوليت & Morrison) ( ٤١٩-٤٠٣ :١٩٩٩ ,Phelps، اظهار نظر کردن (٧٠٣-٦٩٢ :١٩٩٨,Ang &Van Dyne ) ، نشان دادن ابتکار فردي (٦٠٧–٥٨٠ :١٩٩٤ ,Bruce &Scott ) و پيش گيري از مشکلات (١١٠٢-١٠٨٤ :٢٠٠٧, Fay &Frese, Garst, ) -٦٣٣ :٢٠١٠,Collins &Parker ٦٦٢) رفتارهاي کنش گراي کاري را شامل نوآوريهاي فردي ١، پرهيز از مسايل و کارايي، اقتدار و استحکام معرفي کرده اند.
زيرا اين پژوهش ها يا تنها به ارايه تعاريف پرداخته اند و يا اينکه تأثير اينگونه رفتار را بر موارد کليدي پژوهش خود بررسي کردند( ;٢٤٠-٢٠٩ :٢٠١٥, Lui &Guo, Wong, ;٣٢٨-٣٠٩ :٢٠٠٧ ,Bakker Strauss & Parker, & O'Shea, 2017: 15-26; Batistič, Černe, Kaše, & Zupic, 1-Individual innovation ;٥٨٨-٥٧٩ :٢٠١٦ ٢٠١٦ :Pourali ;٢٧-٢٠ :٢٠١٦ ,Mohammadi) .
نتيجه مطالعه نشان ميدهد در خصوص ايجاد و بروز رفتار کنش گراي استراتژيک شش مضمون در بستر سازمان حايز اهميت است : جدول ٢: مقوله هاي اصلي، فرعي و توصيفات شرايط زمينه اي رفتار کنش گرايانه استراتژيک (به تصویر صفحه رجوع شود) در تأييد اين مفاهيم مشارکت کنندگان در پژوهش اذعان بر اين مهم داشتند که در خصوص تعامل سازنده مديران : «موفقيت فرد کنش گر استراتژيک در سازمان منوط به تبادل انتظارات ، تعامل و کسب اعتماد و اطمينان مسئولين جهت تحليل عميق علمي و بوميسازي نتيجه به صورت صحيح است »، و يا در خصوص مقبوليت و مشروعيت پذيري رفتار کنش گراي استراتژيک در سازمان ، براين نظر بودند که «عملکردهاي کارشناسي متفاوت و غيرروتين در سازمان ، حاشيه هاي رفتارهاي سازماني را دربر دارد».