چکیده:
The aim of the present research was to develop a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model for selecting school principals based on managerial competency criteria. This research is of a mixed-methods type with a guided descriptive exploratory approach. First, through an in-depth study of the subject literature and semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 professors and experts in educational management from universities across the country, selected via the expert network method, an initial model of managerial competencies was developed and sub-criteria were determined. The competency questionnaire was administered to a sample of school principals in Isfahan, and after conducting confirmatory factor analysis, the questionnaire was revised. The sample size was determined to be 368 people based on Cochran's formula. A sample of 51 school principals was selected using purposive and representative methods, and the fuzzy Delphi questionnaire was provided to them; based on those results, the final model was developed. The hierarchical structure of competency criteria included main, individual, professional, and organizational criteria, as well as 12 secondary criteria and 74 sub-criteria. Then, based on the fuzzy hierarchy method and the opinion of 15 experts, who were selected from university professors using the expert network method, the criteria and sub-criteria were ranked. The findings showed that among the main criteria, the professional criterion has the highest weight, and among the secondary criteria, human skills have the highest weight. Finally, based on the fuzzy inference method and with the help of 8 experts, a fuzzy rule base was formed, and using its output, a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model for selecting principals was developed.
خلاصه ماشینی:
First, through an in-depth study of the literature and semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 professors and experts in educational management from universities across the country, who were selected using the expert network method, the initial model of managerial competencies was formulated and sub-criteria were determined.
Selecting a school principal based on competency is a coherent approach and a common, coordinated framework for managing material and human resources in the long term, which results in placing individuals in appropriate organizational positions according to their abilities, capabilities, and job skills, and expands professional and specialized expertise in this field.
Among the reviewed studies, Talebi and Pourbagher (1394), Houshyari, Rahimnia and Ekrami (1394), Nobahari and Nodehi (1394), Piriai and Niknami (1396), Mahdilo Turkmani, Safdari, Moshbeki Isfahani and Shojaei (1395), Momeni and Jahanzadeh (1386), Spendlove 2 (2016), Khoshoui, Aridi and Nouri (2013), Baker and Poutsma 3 (2016), Bujama et al.
In contrast, Burgoyne, Mackness and Williams 5 (2007), Spendlove (2007), Wolverton, Ackerman and Holt 6 (2005), and Chien and Chen 7 (2008), used a job-oriented approach, meaning they emphasized job descriptions as an information source for determining competencies.
Furthermore, the number of studies that specifically target school management is not significant; therefore, the effort of the present research is to identify competency criteria and formulate a model for selecting a school principal based on fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making, by basing it on the literature of managerial competencies and relying on the opinions of academic and educational experts, and to provide the necessary groundwork for placing competent individuals in this position.
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