چکیده:
The present essay is an attempt to scrutinize Macbeth's letter to Lady Macbeth formalistically with much care and seek hints which may lead us back and forth to understand what befell before and after the composition and emission of the letter. The letter seems to help us plunge into Macbeth's consciousness، and of course later to that of Lady Macbeth; it is a transparent aid to perceive the hidden purpose and ambition of Macbeth، about which so much ink has been spilled to clarify it. The diction، the tone of the writer of the letter، and the later response of the addressee to the letter all are issues which this short letter contains and makes it a device in the hands of this great master of speech and drama to dramatize human nature. Thus، the letter transcends its simple function as a written message and turns it into an influential dramatic device which unfolds much about the two central characters: one who knows bounds towards crime with open eyes mesmerized by the glitter of crown; the other، on the other hand، also mystified by the temptation of the "golden round،" is blind to the consequences of her menacing instinctive impulses.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Thus, the letter transcends its simple function as a written message and turns it into an influential dramatic device which unfolds much about the two central characters: one who knows bounds towards crime with open eyes mesmerized by the glitter of crown; the other, on the other hand, also mystified by the temptation of the "golden round," is blind to the consequences of her menacing instinctive impulses.
The content of the letter, the diction used to express its message, the immediate scene before and after the writing of the letter and the response it provokes in its addressee unfold much about the intention and hidden motivation of its writer and its reader, Lady Macbeth.
Therefore, dramatically speaking Shakespeare utilizes the letter as a device to manifest Macbeth's evil and ambitious thoughts, which had occurred to him prior to sending his wife the letter; all the thoughts, which seemed to be mere temptations, come to a determined resolution in his letter; his "frightful courage" and boldness, with which he confides his thoughts to his wife, emboldens Lady Macbeth to think and speak of conspiracy against king Duncan in order to have a shortcut to the crown.
To answer this question, Bradley puts forth two propositions: Whether Macbeth and Lady Macbeth had speculated the plot of murder in advance and had had a private interview about it and the way it should take place prior to his letter, or whether the thought of it occurs to Macbeth first and then transferred to his wife after she reads the letter, in which the news of the witches' prophecy and the realization of half of this ominous divination is broken to her.