چکیده:
Grammatical Metaphor (GM) is one of the fresh language phenomena introduced by Halliday (1985) in the framework of functional grammar. Thompson (2004) states that the salient source of GM would be ‘Nominalization’ where a noun form attempts to represent a verb form or in other words, a verb form with its different process is represented in a noun form. He continues that any wording is ought to be either metaphorical or congruent wording. In this study the story of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban was explored in search of GMs deployed throughout the first two chapters. This study tended to identify the instances of nominalization types of GM in the first two chapters of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and offer the congruent wording. As the next step, the congruent wordings were compared with metaphorical wording in order to find out the lexical density of each wording. The lexical density was obtained by Concordance software. The result of study illustrated , in a very crystal-clear way, the advantage of GM in adult writing which is stated to be one of the noticeable points regarding GM by Halliday (1985).The result obtained statistically revealed that the deployment of GM increases the lexical density, which again was claimed by Halliday (2004) as one of the other salient points about GM. Based on the findings of this study, some implications can bedrawn for academic writing and reading as well as for teachers involved in writing and reading pedagogy.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"For this reason, the researcher hopes the present study will shed light on the linguistic knowledge about the grammatical metaphor used in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban helping writers, readers, teachers, students and translators to understand language more effectively.
of Words in Metaphorical Wording No of Words in Congruent Wording 342 448 The GMs, Congruent Wordings , and Semantic Choices in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Thompson (2004) in his studies of GM presents the examples in which he has expanded GM to suggest the congruent wording and metaphorical wording of a meaning.
In this part, the GM examples, extracted from the story of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, are presented in Tables 2 to 8, with their congruent wordings, and semantic choices.
…. it hooted thank you very feebly to Harry Verbal Table 4 The Presentation of GMs, Congruent Wordings, and Semantic Choices on Pa ges 12 to15 GM CONGRUENT WORDING PROCESS 10 she gave her an affectionate nip with her beak… She nipped him affectionately with her beak Material 11 Two pieces of paper fell out- a letter and a newspaper cutting.
Table 6 also represents the GMs, congruent wordings, and semantic choices for each of the examples on pages 19- 21 in the Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.
The number and percentage of semantic choices of the GMs in the two chapters of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban As Figure 1 suggests, 20 out of 62 examples have had material process which is justifiable considering the fact that most of the verbs have material process since verbs in most cases are carrying out a job."