چکیده:
In a speech community, people utilize their communicative competence which they have acquired from their society as part of their distinctive sociolinguistic identity. They negotiate and share meanings, because they have commonsense knowledge about the world, and have universal practical reasoning. Their commonsense knowledge is embodied in their language. Thus, not only does social life depends on language, but language defines social reality. With practical reasoning, people in a speech community use, appropriately, their commonsense knowledge in different social settings in order to negotiate suprasentential meanings. All of this knowledge is acquired without overt, explicit and intentional training. Proceeding along linguistic ethnography and functional lines, we may attempt to specify just what it means to be a truly successful and competent speaker of a particular language within the framework of a speech community.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"With practical reasoning, people in a speech community use, appropriately, their commonsense knowledge in different social settings in order to negotiate suprasentential meanings.
ethnomethodology, commonsense knowledge, practical reasoning, communicative competence, social order *- 1389/4/10 :ﯽﯾﺎﻬﻧ ﺪﯿﯾﺄﺗ 1388/8/23 :لﻮﺻو ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ **- Associate professor of Marand Islamic Azad University Introduction Language is by far the most sophisticated means by which we are able to communicate our meanings to one another and thereby build what we call social order.
Actually, the argument is that since conversation represents the principal symbolic means by which members construct order in social situations, how this is accomplished must be understood by any sociology concerned with members’ methods.
By definition, ethnomethodology is the study of the commonsense knowledge that people use to understand the social and or sociolinguistic situations in which they find themselves.
The term also refers to how people encode and or decode language within the framework of a specific social and cultural context; and how they negotiate suprasentential meanings regarding to their existing metalinguistic norms and principles.
They have also focused on how in that use of language people employ what ethnomethodologists call common sense knowledge and practical reasoning.
Armed with commonsense knowledge and practical reasoning, and with a confident belief in the factual, ordered character of the world, members can go ahead and make sense of any situation in which they participate; and, thus, social interaction flows through language in the speech community."