چکیده:
Although linguistics has long paid special attention to news as a type of text, most research in this field has focused on the purely morphological analysis of news texts and identifying their linguistic features. The attention of linguists and media science researchers has mostly been directed toward determining a set of criteria for news selection or 'news values' and providing various lists of these selection criteria. This article aims to answer the following questions: How can the process of news writing and selection be described in the form of a coherent paradigm? What are the linguistic criteria and so-called conventional news values? And what is the relationship between these criteria and other factors of news writing and selection? The goal of this research is to identify and introduce a linguistic paradigm of the news writing and selection process, in which a set of linguistic requirements for news production is reviewed and presented alongside non-linguistic factors, including social, economic, and professional criteria. The present research was conducted using a descriptive and analytical method, relying on field data, including purposeful interviews with journalists active in the field of press and news agencies. While introducing Grice's four principles as criteria for writing news texts, this research introduces multi-level paradigms of the news production process based on linguistic achievements, particularly critical discourse analysis, and also addresses the role of macro-structural factors, such as ideology, power relations, and competition, in shaping news discourse.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In addition to introducing Grice's four principles as criteria for writing news texts, this research introduces multi-level models of the news production process based on linguistic achievements, particularly Critical Discourse Analysis, and also addresses the role of macro-structural factors such as ideology 2, power relations, and competition 4 in shaping news discourse.
To achieve this model, first, the rich and extensive background of research conducted in the field of news language, especially with the Critical Discourse Analysis approach, and the various models and lists of news values that linguists and media researchers have compiled in the last half century, were reviewed.
As can be seen, in this classification, no distinction is visible between the different sections and levels of news production: some of the items introduced as news values are essentially ideological matters belonging to power relations (such as reference to governments, organizations, and organized individuals, and reference to prominent countries and regions, competition with other media, and timeliness of news); others are related to the zero level, meaning the essential elements of the event (such as unexpectedness 34 being, scandals and crimes, dramatic appeal and conflict); a category belongs to news writing, meaning level one (such as clarity and lack of ambiguity in news writing, use of facts, statistics and polls in news writing); and another part relates to the stage of news publication and the channel of message transmission, and finally, the way of interacting with the audience and the impact of feedback after news publication (the second and third levels of the schema).
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