چکیده:
In this article, incongruity is examined as one of the linguistic mechanisms of humor. The main question is: what are the factors of entertainment and laughter in humor? It seems that many factors, such as psychological, literary, and linguistic approaches, are effective in creating laughter. In this article, incongruity at structural and functional levels is introduced as one of the entertaining factors. After referring to the relevant background of the discussion and vocabulary related to humor, we examine and analyze the theory of linguistic incongruity at two levels—structural and functional—with a look at some of the pleasantities in Obeid Zakani's Resale-ye Delgosha. At the structural level, puns and verbal games, including homonymy, assonance, consonance, and allomorphy, as well as various types of punning in the Persian language, are mentioned. At the functional level, ambiguity/equivocation and its function at the semantic level are referred to. The results of the study show that linguistic incongruity, through certain components of structural levels such as punning and functional levels such as ambiguity/equivocation, is among the main reasons for the entertainment value of humorous texts. Of course, this article also paves the way for addressing other theories of humor.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The results of the study show that linguistic incongruity, through certain components of structural levels such as punning and functional levels such as ambiguity, is considered one of the main reasons for the amusement of humorous texts.
General studies in this field have been limited to some authored and translated books, dissertations, and academic articles, including: An Introduction to Humor and Humorism in Iran (Halabi, 1985), Semiotics of Punning (Akhout, 1992), Humor and Humorism in Iran (Behzadi, 1999), Satire in Persian Poetry (Nakobakht, 2001), History of Humor in Persian Literature (Javadi, 2005), Dictionary of Humor Terms and Vocabulary (Aslani, 2006), Comedy (Merchant, 1998), Humor (Plard, 1999), On Humor (Kricheli, 2005), and Irony (Collin Mocke, 2010).
On the other hand, In Western linguistics, in the study of linguistic mechanisms of humor, attention is paid particularly to the structural levels of language (phonological, lexical, and syntactic), which usually manifest in the form of linguistic games, among which punning and its types appear.
In fact, in common and mainly literary language, some words refer to two or more meanings; such as ambiguity 1, ايهام 2, metaphor (kannayah), 3 irony 4, sarcasm 5, pun 6, etc.
Tajnis, which in the Persian language deals with structural levels, meaning phonology and morphology, leads to structural polysemy and is almost similar to homonymy, homophony, homography, and جنسي (homogeneity) in the system of pun-making and wordplay in Western linguistics.
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